CHAPTER B — RUNWAYS
Certification Specifications and Guidance Material for Aerodrome Design (CS-ADR-DSN) — Issue 7 · Aerodromes · Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 · CS ADR-DSN.B.015 – CS ADR-DSN.B.205
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CS ADR-DSN.B.015 Number, siting and orientation of runways
The number and orientation of runways at an aerodrome should be such that the usability factor of the aerodrome is optimised taking into account that…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.015 Number, siting, and orientation of runways
In practice the number and orientation of runways at an aerodrome should normally be such that the usability factor of the aerodrome would normally be…
CS ADR-DSN.B.020 Choice of maximum permissible crosswind components
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GM1 ADR-DSN.B.020 Choice of maximum permissible crosswind components
In the application of GM1 ADR-DSN.B.015(a) it should be assumed that landing or take-off of aeroplanes is, in normal circumstances, precluded when the…
CS ADR-DSN.B.025 Data to be used
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GM1 ADR-DSN.B.025 Data to be used
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CS ADR-DSN.B.030 Runway threshold
A threshold should be provided on a runway. A threshold needs not to be provided on a take-off runway.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.030 Runway threshold
Additional distance should be provided to meet the requirements of the runway end safety area as appropriate.
CS ADR-DSN.B.035 Length of runway and declared distances
The length of a runway should provide declared distances adequate to meet the operational requirements for the aircraft which the runway is intended to…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.035 Length of the runway and declared distances
Length of the runway: This specification does not necessarily mean providing for operations by the critical aeroplane at its maximum mass.
CS ADR-DSN.B.040 Runways with stopways or clearways
The length(s) of a stopway or clearway, where provided, should be of adequate distance to meet the operational requirements for the aircraft which the…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.040 Runways with stopways, or clearways
Where a runway is associated with a stopway or clearway, an actual runway length less than that resulting from application of GM1 ADR-DSN.B.035 as…
CS ADR-DSN.B.045 Width of runways
The width of a runway should be not less than the appropriate dimension specified in the Table B-1.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.045 Width of runways
The combinations of code numbers and OMGWSs for which widths are specified have been developed for typical aeroplane characteristics.
CS ADR-DSN.B.050 Minimum distance between parallel non-instrument runways
Where parallel non-instrument runways are intended for simultaneous use, the minimum distance between their centre lines should be:
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.050 Minimum distance between parallel non-instrument runways
Except that for independent parallel approaches, combinations of minimum distances and associated conditions other than those specified in the PANS-ATM…
CS ADR-DSN.B.055 Minimum distance between parallel instrument runways
Where parallel instrument runways are intended for simultaneous use, the minimum distance between their centre lines should be:
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.055 Minimum distance between parallel instrument runways
Guidance on procedures and facilities requirements for simultaneous operations on parallel or near-parallel instrument runways are contained in ICAO…
CS ADR-DSN.B.060 Longitudinal slopes of runways
The safety objective of limiting the longitudinal runway slope is to enable stabilized and safe use of runway by an aircraft.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.060 Longitudinal slopes on runways
Slopes should be so designed as to minimise impact on aircraft and so not to hamper the operation of aircraft.
CS ADR-DSN.B.065 Longitudinal slope changes on runways
The safety objective of limiting the longitudinal runway slope changes is to avoid damage of aircraft and to enable safe use of runway by an aircraft.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.065 Longitudinal slopes changes on runways
Slope changes are so designed as to reduce dynamic loads on the undercarriage system of the aeroplane.
CS ADR-DSN.B.070 Sight distance for slopes on runways
The safety objective of minimum runway sight distance values is to achieve the necessary visibility to enable safe use of runway by an aircraft.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.070 Sight distance for slopes of runways
Runway longitudinal slopes and slopes changes are so designed that the pilot in the aircraft has an unobstructed line of sight over all or as much of the…
CS ADR-DSN.B.075 Distance between slope changes on runways
Undulations or appreciable changes in slopes located close together along a runway should be avoided.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.075 Distance between slope changes on runways
The following example illustrates how the distance between slope changes is to be determined (see Figure GM-B-2):
CS ADR-DSN.B.080 Transverse slopes on runways
The safety objective of runway transverse slopes is to promote the most rapid drainage of water from the runway.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.080 Transverse slopes on runways
The slopes on a runway are intended to prevent the accumulation of water (or possible fluid contaminant) on the surface and to facilitate rapid drainage…
CS ADR-DSN.B.085 Runway strength
The runway should be of sufficient strength to support normal operations of the most demanding aircraft without risk of damage either to the aeroplane or…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.085 Runway strength
Additional information on the bearing strength, the design and evaluation of pavements is given in ICAO Doc 9157, Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 3…
CS ADR-DSN.B.090 Surface of runways
The surface of a runway should be constructed without irregularities that would impair the runway surface friction characteristics or otherwise adversely…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.090 Surface of runways
In adopting tolerances for runway surface irregularities, the following standard of construction is achievable for short distances of 3 m and conform to…
CS ADR-DSN.B.095 Runway turn pads
The safety objective of the runway turn pad is to facilitate a safe 180-degree turn by aeroplanes on runway ends that are not served by a taxiway or…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.095 Runway turn pads
Where severe weather conditions and resultant lowering of surface friction characteristics prevail, a larger wheel-to-edge clearance should be provided.
CS ADR-DSN.B.100 Slopes on runway turn pads
The longitudinal and transverse slopes on a runway turn pad should be sufficient to prevent the accumulation of water on the surface and facilitate rapid…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.100 Slopes on runway turn pads
Slopes should be so designed as to minimise impact on aircraft and so not to hamper the operation of aircraft.
CS ADR-DSN.B.105 Strength of runway turn pads
The strength of a runway turn pad should be compatible with the adjoining runway which it serves, due consideration being given to the fact that the turn…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.105 Strength of runway turn pads
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CS ADR-DSN.B.110 Surface of runway turn pads
The surface of a runway turn pad should not have surface irregularities that may cause damage to an aeroplane using the turn pad.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.110 Surface of runway turn pads
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CS ADR-DSN.B.115 Width of shoulders for runway turn pads
The runway turn pads should be provided with shoulders of such width as is necessary to prevent surface erosion by the jet blast of the most demanding…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.115 Width of shoulders for runway turn pads
As a minimum, the width of the shoulders would need to cover the outer engine of the most demanding aeroplane and thus may be wider than the associated…
CS ADR-DSN.B.120 Strength of shoulders for runway turn pads
The strength of runway turn pad shoulders should be capable of withstanding the occasional passage of the most demanding aircraft it is designed to serve…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.120 Strength of shoulders for runway turn pads
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CS ADR-DSN.B.125 Runway shoulders
The safety objective of a runway shoulder is that it should be so constructed as to mitigate any hazard to an aircraft running off the runway or stopway…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.125 Runway shoulders
Runway shoulders should be considered because strong crosswinds may result in significant deviation from the runway centre line.
CS ADR-DSN.B.130 Slopes on runway shoulders
The safety objective of runway shoulder transverse slopes is to promote the most rapid drainage of water from the runway and runway shoulder.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.130 Slopes on runway shoulders
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CS ADR-DSN.B.135 Width of runway shoulders
For aeroplanes with an OMGWS from 9 m up to but not including 15 m the runway shoulders should extend symmetrically on each side of the runway so that…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.135 Width of runway shoulders
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CS ADR-DSN.B.140 Strength of runway shoulders
The portion of a runway shoulder between the runway edge and a distance of 30 m from the runway centre line should be prepared or constructed so as to be…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.140 Strength of runway shoulders
Runway shoulders should be so prepared as to be capable of supporting the aeroplanes using the runway without causing structural damage to those…
CS ADR-DSN.B.145 Surface of runway shoulders
The surface of a runway shoulder should be prepared or constructed so as to resist erosion and prevent the ingestion of the surface material by aeroplane…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.145 Surface of runway shoulders
Where a runway shoulder is not paved, additional surface treatment or inspections may be necessary, especially for runways that accept operations by…
CS ADR-DSN.B.150 Runway strip to be provided
The safety objective of the runway strip is to reduce the risk of damage to an aircraft accidentally running off the runway, to protect aircraft flying…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.150 Runway strip to be provided
A runway strip extends laterally to a specified distance from the runway centre line, longitudinally before the threshold, and beyond the runway end.
CS ADR-DSN.B.155 Length of runway strip
A strip should extend before the threshold and beyond the end of the runway or stopway for a distance of at least:
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.155 Length of runway strip
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CS ADR-DSN.B.160 Width of runway strip
A strip including a precision approach runway should extend laterally to a distance of at least:
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.160 Width of runway strip
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CS ADR-DSN.B.165 Objects on runway strips
An object situated on a runway strip which may endanger aeroplanes should be regarded as an obstacle and should, as far as practicable, be removed.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.165 Objects on runway strips
Within the graded portion of the runway strip, measures should be taken to prevent an aeroplane’s wheel when sinking into the ground, from striking a…
CS ADR-DSN.B.170
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GM1 ADR-DSN.B.170
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CS ADR-DSN.B.175 Grading of runway strips
That portion of a strip of an instrument runway within a distance of at least:
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.175 Grading of runway strips
For a precision approach runway, where the code number is 3 or 4, it may be desirable a greater width of that portion of a strip to be graded should be…
CS ADR-DSN.B.180 Longitudinal slopes on runway strips
The safety objective of longitudinal runway strip slope is to define maximum gradient values that should not interfere with the safe use of the runway…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.180 Longitudinal Slopes on runway strips
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CS ADR-DSN.B.185 Transverse slopes on runway strips
Transverse slopes on that portion of a strip to be graded should be adequate to prevent the accumulation of water on the surface but should not exceed:
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.185 Transverse slopes on runway strips
Where required for proper drainage, an open-air storm water conveyance may be allowed in the non-graded portion of a runway strip and should be placed as…
CS ADR-DSN.B.190 Strength of runway strips
That portion of a strip of an instrument runway within a distance of at least:
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.190 Strength of runway strips
Since the graded portion of a strip is provided to minimise the hazard to an aircraft running off the runway, it should grant sufficient strength in such…
CS ADR-DSN.B.191 Drainage characteristics of the movement area and adjacent areas
The safety objective of the drainage systems of the movement area and adjacent areas is to minimise water depth on the surface by draining surface water…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.191 Drainage characteristics of the movement area and adjacent areas
Rapid drainage of surface water is a primary safety consideration in the design, construction and maintenance of movement area and adjacent areas.
CS ADR-DSN.B.195 Clearways
The inclusion of detailed specifications for clearways below is not intended to imply that a clearway has to be provided.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.195 Clearways
Because of transverse or longitudinal slopes on a runway, shoulder, or strip, in certain cases, the lower limit of the clearway plane specified above may…
CS ADR-DSN.B.200 Stopways
The inclusion of detailed specifications for stopways below is not intended to imply that a stopway has to be provided.
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.200 Stopways
The transition from one slope to another should be accomplished by a curved surface with a rate of change not exceeding:
CS ADR-DSN.B.205 Radio altimeter operating area
A radio altimeter operating area should be established in the pre-threshold area of a precision approach runway Category II and III, and where…
GM1 ADR-DSN.B.205 Radio altimeter operating area
In order to accommodate aeroplanes making auto-coupled approaches and automatic landings (irrespective of weather conditions), it is desirable that slope…
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