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Article 1 Subject matter

This Regulation lays down detailed provisions for the operation of unmanned aircraft systems as well as for personnel, including remote pilots and…

GM1 Article 1 Subject matter

AREAS OF APPLICABILITY OF THE UAS REGULATION For the purposes of the UAS Regulation, the term ‘operation of unmanned aircraft systems’ does not include…

Article 2 Definitions

For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:

GM1 Article 2(3) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘ASSEMBLIES OF PEOPLE’ Assemblies of people have been defined by an objective criterion related to the possibility for an individual to…

AMC1 Article 2(11) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘DANGEROUS GOODS’ ‘Dangerous goods’ should be considered any articles or substances which are capable of posing a hazard to health, safety…

GM1 Article 2(11) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘DANGEROUS GOODS’ The definition of ‘dangerous goods’ in Article 2(11) of the UAS Regulation stems from the definition and classification…

GM1 Article 2(16) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘PRIVATELY BUILT UAS’ A UAS is considered privately built when it is manufactured or assembled by the operator for their own use and not…

GM1 Article 2(17) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘AUTONOMOUS OPERATION’ Flight phases during which the remote pilot has no ability to intervene in the course of the aircraft, either…

GM1 Article 2(18) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘UNINVOLVED PERSONS’ Due to the huge variety of possible circumstances, this GM only provides general guidelines.

GM1 Article 2(21) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘CONTROLLED GROUND AREA’ ‘Controlled ground area’ is an area on the ground (on the surface of the Earth) where the UAS operator is able to…

GM1 Article 2(22) Definitions

DEFINITION OF ‘MAXIMUM TAKE-OFF MASS (MTOM)’ This MTOM is the maximum mass defined by the manufacturer or the builder, in the case of privately built…

GM1 Article 2(25) Definitions

RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE AIRSPACE OBSERVER (AO) The employment of AOs is not limited to operations covered by STSs — they can be employed also in other…

GM1 Articsle 2(28), (29), (30), (31), (32) and (33) Definitions

DEFINITIONS OF ‘FLIGHT GEOGRAPHY’, ‘FLIGHT GEOGRAPHY AREA’, ‘CONTINGENCY VOLUME’, ‘CONTINGENCY AREA’, ‘OPERATIONAL VOLUME’ AND ‘GROUND RISK BUFFER’ The…

Article 3 Categories of UAS operations

UAS operations shall be performed in the ‘open’, ‘specific’ or ‘certified’ category defined respectively in Articles 4, 5 and 6, subject to the following…

GM1 Article 3 Categories of UAS operations

BOUNDARIES BETWEEN THE CATEGORIES OF UAS OPERATIONS (a) Boundary between ‘open’ and ‘specific’ A UAS operation does not belong to the ‘open’ category…

Article 4 ‘Open’ category of UAS operations

Operations shall be classified as UAS operations in the ‘open’ category only where the following requirements are met:

Article 5 ‘Specific’ category of UAS operations

Where one of the requirements laid down in Article 4 or in Part A of the Annex is not met, a UAS operator shall be required to obtain an operational…

AMC1 Article 5 ‘Specific’ category of UAS operations

TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS IN THE ‘SPECIFIC’ CATEGORY (a) Dangerous goods may be transported in the ‘specific’ category of UAS operations only if the…

Article 6 ‘Certified’ category of UAS operations

Operations shall be classified as UAS operations in the ‘certified’ category only where the following requirements are met:

GM1 Article 6 ‘Certified’ category of UAS operations

UAS OPERATIONS IN THE ‘CERTIFIED’ CATEGORY Article 6 of the UAS Regulation should be read together with Article 40 of Regulation (EU) 2019/945 — Article…

Article 7 Rules and procedures for the operation of UAS

UAS operations in the ‘open’ category shall comply with the operational limitations set out in Part A of the Annex.

Article 8 Rules and procedures for the competency of remote pilots

Remote pilots operating UAS in the ‘open’ category shall comply with the competency requirements set in Part A of the Annex.

Article 9 Minimum age for remote pilots

The minimum age for remote pilots operating a UAS in the ‘open’ and ‘specific’ category shall be 16 years.

GM1 Article 9 Minimum age for remote pilots

SUPERVISOR A person may act as a remote pilot even if he or she has not reached the minimum age defined in Article 9(1) of the UAS Regulation, provided…

Article 10 Rules and procedures for the airworthiness of UAS

Unless privately-built, or used for operations referred to in Article 16, or meeting the conditions defined in Article 20, UAS used in operations set out…

Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

An operational risk assessment shall: describe the characteristics of the UAS operation;

GM1 AMC1 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

GENERAL The operational risk assessment required by Article 11 of the UAS Regulation may be conducted using the methodology described in AMC1 Article 11.

AMC1 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

SPECIFIC OPERATIONS RISK ASSESSMENT (SORA) (SOURCE: JARUS SORA V2.5) Edition:

Annex A to AMC1 Article 11

GUIDELINES ON COLLECTING AND PRESENTING INFORMATION ON SYSTEMS AND OPERATIONS REGARDING UAS OPERATIONS CONDUCTED IN THE ‘SPECIFIC’ CATEGORY The purpose…

Annex B to AMC1 Article 11

INTEGRITY AND ASSURANCE LEVELS FOR THE MITGATIONS USED TO REDUCE THE INTRINSIC GROUND RISK CLASS (iGRC) B.1 How to use Annex B The following table…

Annex C to AMC1 to Article 11

STRATEGIC MITIGATION — COLLISION RISK ASSESSMENT C.1 Introduction — air risk strategic mitigations The target audience for Annex C is the UAS operator…

Annex C to AMC1 to Article 11

Annex D to AMC1 to Article 11

TACTICAL MITIGATION COLLISION RISK ASSESSMENT D.1 Introduction-tactical mitigation The target audience for Annex D is the UAS operator who wishes to…

Annex D to AMC1 to Article 11

Annex E to AMC1 to Article 11

INTEGRITY AND ASSURANCE LEVELS FOR THE OPERATIONAL SAFETY OBJECTIVES (OSOs) E.1 How to use SORA Annex E The following Table E.1 provides the basic…

Annex I to AMC1 Article 11

GLOSSARY OF TERMS Term Acronym Definition I.1. Abnormal situation A situation in which it is no longer possible to continue the flight using normal…

AMC1bis Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

SPECIFIC OPERATIONS RISK ASSESSMENT (SORA) (SOURCE JARUS SORA V2.0) EDITION December 2020 1.

Annex A to AMC1 to Article 11

CONOPS: GUIDELINES ON COLLECTING AND PRESENTING SYSTEM AND OPERATIONAL INFORMATION FOR SPECIFIC UAS OPERATIONS A.0 General guidelines This document must…

Annex B to AMC1 to Article 11

INTEGRITY AND ASSURANCE LEVELS FOR THE MITIGATIONS USED TO REDUCE THE INTRINSIC GROUND RISK CLASS (GRC) B.1 How to use Annex B The following Table B-1…

Annex E to AMC1 to Article 11

INTEGRITY AND ASSURANCE LEVELS FOR THE OPERATIONAL SAFETY OBJECTIVES (OSOs) E.1 How to use SORA Annex E The following Table E.1 provides the basic…

AMC2 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

PREDEFINED RISK ASSESSMENT PDRA-G01 Version 1.3 EDITION September 2023 (a) Scope This PDRA is the result of applying the methodology that is described in…

AMC3 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

PREDEFINED RISK ASSESSMENT PDRA-G02 Version 1.2 EDITION September 2023 (a) Scope This PDRA is the result of applying the methodology that is described in…

AMC4 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

PREDEFINED RISK ASSESSMENT PDRA-S01 Version 1.2 EDITION September 2023 (a) Scope This PDRA addresses the same type of operations that are covered by the…

AMC5 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

PREDEFINED RISK ASSESSMENT PDRA-S02 Version 1.1 EDITION January 2022 (a) Scope This PDRA addresses the same type of operations that are covered by the…

AMC6 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

PREDEFINED RISK ASSESSMENT PDRA-G03 Version 1.1 EDITION September 2023 (a) Scope This PDRA is the result of applying the methodology described in AMC1…

AMC7 Article 11 Rules for conducting an operational risk assessment

OPERATIONS OF UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS An operation using an unmanned free balloon that complies with the provisions defined in Appendix 2 to Regulation…

Article 12 Authorising operations in the ‘specific’ category

The competent authority shall evaluate the risk assessment and the robustness of the mitigating measures that the UAS operator proposes to keep the UAS…

AMC1 Article 12(2)(a) Authorising operations in the ‘specific’ category

GRANTING AN OPERATIONAL AUTHORISATION FOR UAS OPERATIONS CLASSIFIED IN A SAIL WHERE THE LEVEL OF ROBUSTENSS OF OSOS AND MITIGATIONS IS LOW When the risk…

AMC1 Article 12(5) Authorising operations in the ‘specific’ category

DECLARATION, VERIFICATION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF RECEIPT (a) The competent authority should establish an online system for the submission of operational…

Article 13 Cross-border operations or operations outside the state of registration

Article 13 - Cross-border operations or operations outside the state of registration 1.

AMC1 Article 13 Cross-border operations or operations outside the State of registration

CROSS-BORDER OPERATIONS (a) A UAS operator that intends to conduct an operation, for which an operational authorisation is required, partially or fully…

GM1 Article 13 Cross-border operations or operations outside the state of registration

GENERAL The picture below illustrates an example of an authorisation, already provided by the competent authority, to conduct an operation in the Member…

AMC1 Article 13(1) Cross-border operations or operations outside the State of registration

APPLICATION FORM FOR A CROSS-BORDER UAS OPERATION Application for a cross-border UAS operation in the ‘specific’ category Data protection:

AMC1 Article 13(2) Cross-border operations or operations outside the State of registration

FORM FOR THE CONFIRMATION OF ACCEPTABILITY OF A CROSS-BORDER UAS OPERATION IN THE ‘SPECIFIC’ CATEGORY Confirmation of acceptability of a cross-border UAS…

Article 14 Registration of UAS operators and certified UAS

Member States shall establish and maintain accurate registration systems for UAS whose design is subject to certification and for UAS operators whose…

AMC1 Article 14 Registration of UAS operators and ‘certified’ UAS

NATIONAL CONTACT POINT FOR ACCESSING AND EXERCISING THE RIGHTS The competent authority should identify and publish the contact point for accessing and…

GM1 Article 14(1) Registration of UAS operators and ‘certified’ UAS

ACCURACY OF THE REGISTRATION SYSTEMS UAS operators, when registering themselves or their certified UAS, are required to provide accurate information and…

AMC1 Article 14(6) Registration of UAS operators and ‘certified’ UAS

UAS OPERATOR REGISTRATION NUMBER (a) The unique UAS operator digital registration number that is issued by the Member States should consist of sixteen…

GM1 to AMC1 Article 14(6) Registration of UAS operators and ‘certified’ UAS

UAS OPERATOR REGISTRATION NUMBER An example of a UAS operator registration number as defined in point (a) of AMC1 Article 14(6) Registration of UAS…

AMC1 Article 14(8) Registration of UAS operators and ‘certified’ UAS

DISPLAY OF REGISTRATION INFORMATION (a) If the UAS operator owns the UAS or uses a UAS that is owned by a third party, it should:

Article 15 Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

When defining UAS geographical zones for safety, security, privacy or environmental reasons, Member States may:

GM1 Article 15 Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

MEANS TO INFORM MANNED AVIATION OF UAS GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES Depending on the duration of the validity of a UAS geographical zone, Member States may use…

AMC1 Article 15(1) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

CROSS-BORDER UAS GEOGRAPHICAL ZONE(S) When more than one Member State decide to designate a cross-border UAS geographical zone(s), those Member States…

AMC2 Article 15(1) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

DATA INTEGRITY When data related to the UAS geographical zones described in GM3 to Article 15(1) Example 2 is processed, as a minimum, data integrity is…

GM2 Article 15(1) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

GENERAL ASPECTS In line with the Chicago Convention, UAS geographical zones with restrictions and prohibitions should not be designated over the high…

GM3 Article 15(1) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

DATA QUALITY When establishing UAS geographical zones, the Member States may require specific data quality requirements based on the purpose and location…

GM1 Article 15(2) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

EXEMPTION(S) FROM ONE OR MORE OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR UAS OPERATIONS IN THE ‘OPEN’ CATEGORY Member States may designate UAS geographical zones in which…

GM2 Article 15(2) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

EXEMPTION(S) FROM ONE OR MORE OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR UAS OPERATIONS IN THE ‘OPEN’ CATEGORY Examples of operations that the Member States may authorise…

AMC1 Article 15(3) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

COMMON UNIQUE DIGITAL FORMAT The ‘common unique digital format’ should be as described in Chapter 8 ‘UAS restriction zone data model’ and Appendix 2…

AMC2 Article 15(3) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION ON UAS GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES IN THE AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PRODUCTS AND SERVICES (a) The Member States should publish in…

AMC3 Article 15(3) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

CROSS-BORDER UAS GEOGRAPHICAL ZONE(S) All affected neighbouring Member States should make data available for the entire cross-border UAS geographical…

AMC4 Article 15(3) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

PUBLICATION OF MAPS OF UAS GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES When Member States decide to publish maps of UAS geographical zones on their website or via smartphone…

GM1 Article 15(3) Operational conditions for UAS geographical zones

EXAMPLES OF MAPS OF UAS GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES WITH COLOUR-CODE INDEX Note:

Article 16 UAS operations in the framework of model aircraft clubs and associations

Article 16 - UAS operations in the framework of model aircraft clubs and associations 1.

GM1 Article 16 UAS operations in the framework of model aircraft clubs and associations

GENERAL Unless differently provided by national regulation, a model aircraft club and association may obtain from the national competent authority an…

GM2 Article 16 UAS operations in the framework of model aircraft clubs and associations

OPTIONS TO OPERATE A MODEL AIRCRAFT Model flyers have the following options to conduct their operations:

GM1 Article 16(2)(b)(iii) UAS operations in the framework of model aircraft clubs and associations

ACTION IN CASES OF OPERATIONS/FLIGHTS THAT EXCEED THE CONDITIONS AND LIMITATIONS DEFINED IN THE OPERATIONAL AUTHORISATION When a model club or…

Article 17 Designation of the competent authority

Each Member State shall designate one or more entities as the competent authority for the tasks referred to in Article 18.

GM1 Article 17 Designation of the competent authority

GENERAL Member States may also designate an entity as a competent authority only for specific tasks.

Article 18 Tasks of the competent authority

The competent authority shall be responsible for: enforcing this Regulation;

GM1 Article 18(a) Tasks of the competent authority

ENFORCEMENT Member States are responsible for enforcing the UAS Regulation, and it is their decision to nominate the competent authority.

AMC1 Article 18(e) Tasks of the competent authority

DOCUMENTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS TO BE RETAINED (a) The competent authority should retain at least the following documentation:

GM1 Article 18(h) Tasks of the competent authority

GUIDELINES FOR RISK-BASED OVERSIGHT (RBO) NOTE: The guidelines below are based on the document ‘Practices for risk-based oversight’, which may be found…

Article 19 Safety information

The competent authorities of the Member States and market surveillance and control authorities referred to in Article 36 of Delegated Regulation (EU)…

GM1 Article 19 Safety information

EXCHANGE OF SAFETY INFORMATION Cooperation between competent authorities should be organised pursuant to Article 61 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1139.

GM1 Article 19(1) Safety information

CROSS-BORDER GEOGRAPHICAL ZONE(S) The coordination among the Member States includes the designation of cross-border geographical zones as per AMC1…

GM1 Article 19(2) Safety information

OCCURRENCE REPORT According to Regulation (EU) No 376/2014, occurrences shall be reported when they refer to a condition which endangers, or which, if…

Article 20 Particular provisions concerning the use of certain UAS in the ‘open’ category

UAS types within the meaning of Decision No 768/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, which do not comply with Delegated Regulation (EU)…

Article 21 Adaptation of authorisations, declarations and certificates

Authorisations granted to UAS operators, certificates of remote pilot competency and declarations made by UAS operators or equivalent documentation…

Article 22 Transitional provisions

Without prejudice to Article 20, the use of UAS in the ‘open’ category which do not comply with the requirements of Parts 1 to 5 of the Annex to…

GM1 Article 22(b) Transitional provisions

UAS OPERATIONS CLOSE TO PERSONS When operating a UAS with a maximum take-off mass (MTOM) of up to 2 kg, the remote pilot may fly the UAS keeping a…

Article 23 Entry into force and application

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.