FCL.920 Instructor competencies and assessment

IRImplementing rule

FCL.920Instructor competencies and assessment

All instructors shall be trained to achieve the following competences: Prepare resources, Create a climate conducive to learning, Present knowledge, Integrate Threat and Error Management (TEM) and crew resource management, Manage time to achieve training objectives, Facilitate learning, Assess trainee performance, Monitor and review progress, Evaluate training sessions, Report outcome.

IR · FCL.920 — Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 · Aircrew Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 25 Nov 2025

AMCAcceptable means of compliance

AMC1 FCL.920Instructor competencies and assessment

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(a)Training should be both theoretical and practical. Practical elements should include the development of specific instructor skills, particularly in the area of teaching and assessing threat and error management and CRM.

(b)The training and assessment of instructors should be made against the following performance standards:

Competence	Performance	Knowledge
Prepare resources	(a) ensures adequate facilities; (b) prepares briefing material; (c) manages available tools; (d) plans training within the training envelope of the training platform, as determined by the ATO (Note: See GM1 ORA.ATO.125 point (f)).	(a) understand objectives; (b) available tools; (c) competency-based training methods; (d) understands the training envelope of the training platform, as determined by the ATO (Note: See GM1 ORA.ATO.125 point (f)) and avoids training beyond the boundaries of this envelope.
Create a climate conducive to learning	(a) establishes credentials, role models appropriate behaviour; (b) clarifies roles; (c) states objectives; (d) ascertains and supports student pilot’s needs.	(a) barriers to learning; (b) learning styles.
Present knowledge	(a) communicates clearly; (b) creates and sustains realism; (c) looks for training opportunities.	teaching methods
Integrate TEM and CRM	(a) makes TEM and CRM links with technical training; (b) for aeroplanes: makes upset prevention links with technical training.	(a) TEM and CRM; (b) Causes and countermeasures against undesired aircraft states
Manage time to achieve training objectives	Allocates the appropriate time to achieve competency objective.	syllabus time allocation
Facilitate learning	(a) encourages trainee participation; (b) shows motivating, patient, confident and assertive manner; (c) conducts one-to-one coaching; (d) encourages mutual support.	(a) facilitation; (b) how to give constructive feedback; (c) how to encourage trainees to ask questions and seek advice.
Assesses trainee performance	(a) assesses and encourages trainee self-assessment of performance against competency standards; (b) makes assessment decision and provides clear feedback; (c) observes CRM behaviour.	(a) observation techniques; (b) methods for recording observations.
Monitor and review progress	(a) compares individual outcomes to defined objectives; (b) identifies individual differences in learning rates; (c) applies appropriate corrective action.	(a) learning styles; (b) strategies for training adaptation to meet individual needs.
Evaluate training sessions	(a) elicits feedback from student pilots; (b) tracks training session processes against competence criteria; (c) keeps appropriate records.	(a) competency unit and associated elements; (b) performance criteria.
Report outcome	Reports accurately using only observed actions and events.	(a) phase training objectives; (b) individual versus systemic weaknesses.

AMC · AMC1 FCL.920 — Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 · ED Decision 2019/005/R · Aircrew Easy Access Rules · EAR revision 25 Nov 2025