Appendix 1 Crediting of theoretical knowledge

A. CREDITING OF THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE SAME OR ANOTHER CATEGORY OF AIRCRAFT — BRIDGE INSTRUCTION AND EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS

1.LAPL and PPL [applicable until 17 February 2026 - Regulation (EU) 2024/2076]

1.LAPL, PPL and GPL [applicable from 18 February 2026 - Regulation (EU) 2025/134]

1.1. For the issue of an LAPL, the holder of an LAPL in another category of aircraft shall be fully credited towards requirements of theoretical knowledge on the common subjects established in point FCL.120(a).

1.2. For the issue of an LAPL or a PPL, holders of a PPL, CPL or ATPL in another category of aircraft shall be credited towards requirements of theoretical knowledge on the common subjects established in point FCL.215(a). This credit shall also apply to applicants for an LAPL or a PPL who hold a BPL issued in accordance with Annex III (Part-BFCL) to Regulation (EU) 2018/395 or an SPL issued in accordance with Annex III (Part-SFCL) to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1976, except that the subject ‘navigation’ shall not be credited.

1.3. For the issue of a PPL, the holder of an LAPL in the same category of aircraft shall be fully credited towards the requirements of theoretical knowledge instruction and examination. That credit shall also apply to applicants for a PPL who have already successfully completed the theoretical knowledge examination for the LAPL in the same aircraft category, as long as it is within the validity period specified in point FCL.025(c).

1.4. By way of derogation from point 1.2, for the issue of an LAPL(A), the holder of an SPL issued in accordance with Annex III (Part-SFCL) to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1976 with privileges to fly TMGs shall demonstrate an adequate level of theoretical knowledge for the SEP aeroplane-land class in accordance with point FCL.135.A(a)(2).

1.5. For the issue of a GPL, the holder of a pilot licence for aeroplanes or helicopters in accordance with this Regulation shall be credited in full towards the theoretical knowledge instruction and examination requirements in the following subjects:

(a)Air law and ATC procedures,

(b)Human performance,

(c)Meteorology,

(d)Communications,

(e)Navigation. [applicable from 18 February 2026 - Regulation (EU) 2025/134]

2.CPL

2.1. Applicants for the issue of a CPL holding a CPL in another category of aircraft shall have received theoretical knowledge bridge instruction at an ATO on an approved course according to the differences identified between the CPL syllabi for different aircraft categories.

2.2. Applicants shall pass theoretical knowledge examinations as set out in this Annex (Part-FCL) for the following subjects in the appropriate aircraft category: 021 — Aircraft general knowledge: airframe and systems, electrics, power plant and emergency equipment; 022 — Aircraft general knowledge: instrumentation; 032/034 — Performance aeroplanes or helicopters, as applicable; 070 — Operational procedures; 081/082 — Principles of flight for aeroplanes or helicopters, as applicable.

2.3. Applicants for the issue of a CPL having passed the relevant theoretical knowledge examinations for an IR in the same category of aircraft are credited towards the theoretical knowledge requirements in human performance and meteorology unless they have completed the IR training course in accordance with Appendix 6, Section Aa, to this Annex (Part-FCL).

2.4. Applicants for a CPL that have passed the relevant theoretical knowledge examinations for an IR in the same category of aircraft are credited towards the theoretical knowledge requirements in the communications subject.

3.ATPL

3.1. Applicants for the issue of an ATPL holding an ATPL in another category of aircraft shall have received theoretical knowledge bridge instruction at an ATO on an approved course according to the differences identified between the ATPL syllabi for different aircraft categories.

3.2. Applicants shall pass theoretical knowledge examinations as defined in this Annex (Part-FCL) for the following subjects in the appropriate aircraft category: 021 — Aircraft general knowledge: airframe and systems, electrics, power plant and emergency equipment; 022 — Aircraft general knowledge: instrumentation; 032/034 — Performance aeroplanes or helicopters, as applicable; 070 — Operational procedures; 081/082 — Principles of flight for aeroplanes or helicopters, as applicable.

3.3. Applicants for the issue of an ATPL(A) having passed the relevant theoretical examination for a CPL(A) are credited towards the theoretical knowledge requirements in the subject ‘communications’.

3.4. Applicants for the issue of an ATPL(H) having passed the relevant theoretical examinations for a CPL(H) are credited towards the theoretical knowledge requirements in the following subjects: air law; principles of flight (helicopter); and communications.

3.5. Applicants for the issue of an ATPL(A) having passed the relevant theoretical examination for an IR(A) are credited towards the theoretical knowledge requirements in the subject ‘communications’.

3.6. Applicants for the issue of an ATPL(H) with an IR(H) having passed the relevant theoretical examinations for a CPL(H) are credited towards the theoretical knowledge requirements in the following subjects: principles of flight (helicopter); and communications.

4.IR

4.1. Applicants for an IR, or for a BIR, who have passed the relevant theoretical examinations for a CPL in the same aircraft category, shall be credited towards the theoretical knowledge requirements in the following subjects: Human Performance, Meteorology, Communication.

4.2. Applicants for the issue of an IR(H) having passed the relevant theoretical examinations for an ATPL(H) VFR are required to pass the following examination subjects: air law; flight planning and flight monitoring; and radio navigation.