Parts, Appliances and the EASA Form 1
EASA Part-21 parts and appliances: identifying products and parts, the EPA marking, and the EASA Form 1 authorised release certificate.
Dionysis Kefalas7 min readFor Part-21 and CAMO staff
Part 6 of 6 in EASA Part-21 Initial Airworthiness Show parts
Quotes checked on against EASA Easy Access Rules for Initial Airworthiness and Environmental Protection (Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, Part-21) — 27 Nov 2025 revision.
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The smallest units of airworthiness
An aircraft is an assembly of parts. The marking is on the part. The eligibility rule below is when an EASA Form 1 comes with it.
Identifying products
(a)The identification of products and CMUs produced under Subpart F or Subpart G shall include the following information:
1.the manufacturer’s name;
2.the product and CMU designation;
3.the manufacturer’s serial number;
4.the ‘EXEMPT’ mark for engines, when the competent authority has granted an exemption from the applicable environmental protection requirements;
5.any other information the Agency finds appropriate.
(b)Any natural or legal person that manufactures an aircraft or engine under Subpart G or Subpart F shall identify that aircraft or engine by means of a fireproof plate that has the information specified in point (a) marked on it by etching, stamping, engraving, or other approved method of fireproof marking. The identification plate shall be secured in such a manner that it is accessible and legible, and will not likely be defaced or removed during normal service, or lost or destroyed in an accident.
(c)Any natural or legal person that manufactures a propeller, propeller blade, or propeller hub under Subpart G or Subpart F shall identify it by means of a plate, stamping, engraving, etching or other approved method of fireproof identification that is placed on it on a non-critical surface, contains the information specified in point (a), and will not likely be defaced or removed during normal service or lost or destroyed in an accident.
[…]
Quoted word for word from Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, Easy Access Rules for Initial Airworthiness, 27 Nov 2025 revision.
Point (a) is the information on a product or CMU produced under Subpart F or Subpart G: the manufacturer's name, the designation, and the manufacturer's serial number. Point (b) puts that information on a fireproof plate for an aircraft or an engine. Point (c) is the fireproof identification for a propeller, propeller blade, or propeller hub, on a non-critical surface.
Identifying parts and appliances
(a)Each part or appliance which is eligible for installation in a type-certified product, and each CMU component which is eligible for installation in a CMU certified in accordance with this Annex I, shall be permanently and legibly marked with:
1.a name, trademark, or symbol identifying the manufacturer in a manner identified by the applicable design data;
2.the part number, as defined in the applicable design data; and
3.the letters ‘EPA’:
(i)for parts or appliances produced in accordance with approved design data that does not belong to the type-certificate holder of the related product, except for ETSO articles and for parts and appliances covered under point 21.A.307(b);
(ii)for CMU components produced in accordance with approved design data that does not belong to the type-certificate holder of the related CMU, or to the UA type-certificate holder when the CMU is certified as part of the UA, except for ETSO CMU components and CMU components covered under point 21.A.308(b).
(b)By way of derogation from point (a), if the Agency agrees that a part, appliance or a CMU component is too small, or that it is otherwise impractical to mark a part, appliance or a CMU component with any of the information required by point (a), the authorised release document that accompanies the part, appliance or the CMU component or its container shall include the information that could not be marked on the part, appliance or CMU component.
Quoted word for word from Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, Easy Access Rules for Initial Airworthiness, 27 Nov 2025 revision.
Point (a) is a permanent and legible marking: a name, trademark, or symbol, the part number, and the letters EPA in the cases point (a)(3) states. The EPA letters are not used in the cases the quote excepts, including ETSO articles. The information that could not be marked then goes on the authorised release document, or on its container.
The authorised release certificate: the EASA Form 1
(a)A part or appliance is eligible for installation in a type-certified product when it is in a condition for safe operation, marked in accordance with Subpart Q and accompanied by an authorised release certificate (EASA Form 1), certifying that the item was manufactured in conformity with approved design data.
(b)By way of derogation from point (a) and provided that the conditions in point (c) are met, the following parts or appliances do not require an EASA Form 1 in order to be eligible for installation in a type-certified product:
(1)a standard part;
(2)in the case of ELA1 or ELA2, a part or appliance that is:
(i)not life limited, nor part of the primary structure, nor part of the flight controls;
(ii)identified for installation in the specific aircraft;
(iii)to be installed in an aircraft whose owner has verified compliance with the applicable conditions in (i) and (ii), and has accepted responsibility for this compliance;
(3)a part or appliance for which the consequences of a non-conformity with its approved design data has a negligible safety effect on the product and which is identified as such by the holder of the design approval in the instructions for continued airworthiness. In order to determine the safety effects of a non-conforming part or appliance, the design approval holder may establish in the instructions for continued airworthiness specific verification activities to be conducted by the installer of the part or appliance on the product;
(4)in the case of the embodiment of a standard change in accordance with point 21.A.90B or a standard repair in accordance with point 21.A.431B, a part or appliance, for which the consequences of a non-conformity with its design data have a negligible safety effect on the product, and which is identified as such in the certification specifications for standard changes and standard repairs issued in accordance with point (a)(2) of point 21.A.90B and point (a)(2) of point 21.A.431B. In order to determine the safety effects of a non-conforming part or appliance, specific verification activities to be conducted by the person that installs the part or appliance on the product may be established in the certification specifications referred to above;
(5)a part or appliance that is exempted from an airworthiness approval in accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 (); and
(6)a part or appliance that is an item of a higher assembly identified in points (b)(1) to (b)(5).
(7)a part or appliance manufactured by a person or organisation referred to in Article 9(4) of this Regulation;
(c)Parts and appliances listed in point (b) are eligible for installation in a type-certified product without being accompanied by an EASA Form 1, provided that the installer holds a document issued by the person or organisation that manufactured the part or appliance, which declares the name of the part or appliance, the part number, and the conformity of the part or appliance with its design data, and which contains the issuance date.
Quoted word for word from Regulation (EU) No 748/2012, Easy Access Rules for Initial Airworthiness, 27 Nov 2025 revision.
Point (b) is the list of parts and appliances that do not require an EASA Form 1, provided the conditions in point (c) are met. Point (c) is the document the installer holds instead: the name, the part number, conformity with the design data, and the issuance date. The empty brackets after Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 are in the library text. The quote keeps them.
The production-organisation guide quotes the privilege to issue the Form 1. In this book the form itself is Appendix I.
Appendix I — EASA Form 1 — Authorised Release Certificate · Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 · Easy Access Rules for Initial Airworthiness, 2025-11-27 revision
Appendix I
Authorised Release Certificate — EASA Form 1 referred to in Annex I (Part 21) […]
The quote stops before the form table.
How parts close the lifecycle
This guide closes the arc the lifecycle guide opened. A part carries the marking in the points above and, where point 21.A.307(a) applies, an EASA Form 1. From there the continuing-airworthiness guides take the aircraft on.
Where to read it yourself
The points quoted above are in the EASA Easy Access Rules for Initial Airworthiness and Environmental Protection, Regulation (EU) No 748/2012. Every citation in this guide was checked against the 2025-11-27 revision.
Educational content, not regulatory compliance advice. Verify against the current regulation text before relying on it.
In this series
Related
- The Airworthiness Lifecycle: From Design to ServiceGuide · 4 min
- Certification Specifications (CS) and ETSO AuthorisationsGuide · 4 min
- Type Certification: TC, TCDS and ChangesGuide · 7 min
- Design and Production Organisations (DOA and POA)Guide · 6 min
- Certificates of Airworthiness and Permits to FlyGuide · 8 min
Written by Dionysis Kefalas. Retired Hellenic Air Force Captain and founder of Avioverse. About the author
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