GM1 to AMC4 ATS.TR.210(a)(3) Operation of air traffic control service

HOLDING CLEARANCE AND INSTRUCTIONS

(a)In the event of extended delays, aircraft should be advised of the anticipated delay as early as possible and, when practicable, be instructed or given the option to reduce speed en-route in order to absorb the delay.

(b)Holding and holding pattern entry should be accomplished in accordance with procedures published in AIPs. If entry and holding procedures have not been published or if the procedures are not known to a flight crew, the appropriate air traffic control unit should specify the designator of the location or aid to be used, the inbound track, radial or bearing, direction of turn in the holding pattern as well as the time of the outbound leg or the distances between which to hold.

(c)Air traffic services units should normally hold aircraft at a designated holding fix.

(d)For the purpose of maintaining a safe and orderly flow of traffic, an aircraft may be instructed to orbit at its present or at any other position, provided the required obstacle clearance is ensured.