SPO.IDE.A.120 Operations under VFR – flight and navigational instruments and associated equipment

INTEGRATED INSTRUMENTS

(a)Individual equipment requirements may be met by combinations of instruments, by integrated flight systems or by a combination of parameters on electronic displays. The information so available to each required pilot should not be less than that required in the applicable operational requirements, and the equivalent safety of the installation should be approved during type certification of the aeroplane for the intended type of operation.

(b)The means of measuring and indicating turn and slip, aeroplane attitude and stabilised aeroplane heading may be met by combinations of instruments or by integrated flight director systems, provided that the safeguards against total failure, inherent in the three separate instruments, are retained.

LOCAL FLIGHTS For flights that do not exceed 60 minutes’ duration, that take off and land at the same aerodrome, and that remain within 50 NM of that aerodrome, an equivalent means of complying with SPO.IDE.A.120(b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(ii) may be:

(a)a turn and slip indicator;

(b)a turn co-ordinator; or

(c)both an attitude indicator and a slip indicator.

SLIP INDICATION Non-complex motor-powered aeroplanes should be equipped with a means of measuring and displaying slip.

MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING MAGNETIC HEADING The means of measuring and displaying magnetic direction should be a magnetic compass or equivalent.

MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING THE TIME — COMPLEX MOTOR-POWERED AIRCRAFT An acceptable means of compliance is a clock displaying hours, minutes and seconds, with a sweep-second pointer or digital presentation. MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING THE TIME — OTHER-THAN COMPLEX MOTOR-POWERED AIRCRAFT An acceptable means of measuring and displaying the time in hours, minutes and seconds may be a wrist watch capable of the same functions.

CALIBRATION OF THE MEANS OF MEASURING AND DISPLAYING PRESSURE ALTITUDE The instrument measuring and displaying barometric altitude should be of a sensitive type calibrated in feet (ft), with a sub-scale setting, calibrated in hectopascals/millibars, adjustable for any barometric pressure likely to be set during flight.

CALIBRATION OF THE INSTRUMENT INDICATING AIRSPEED

(a)The instrument indicating airspeed should be calibrated in knots (kt).

(b)In the case of aeroplanes with a maximum certified take-off mass (MCTOM) below 2 000 kg, calibration in kilometres per hour (kph) or in miles per hour (mph) is acceptable when such units are used in the AFM.

MEANS OF PREVENTING MALFUNCTION DUE TO CONDENSATION OR ICING The means of preventing malfunction due to either condensation or icing of the airspeed indicating system should be a heated pitot tube or equivalent.

MULTI-PILOT OPERATIONS — DUPLICATE INSTRUMENTS Duplicate instruments include separate displays for each pilot and separate selectors or other associated equipment where appropriate.